🐟 Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus) – Complete Details
Scientific Classification
| Category | Information |
|---|---|
| Common Name | Atlantic Mackerel |
| Scientific Name | Scomber scombrus |
| Family | Scombridae |
| Order | Scombriformes |
| Genus | Scomber |
| Species | S. scombrus |
Introduction
The Atlantic Mackerel is a fast-swimming, migratory marine fish found in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is well-known for its shiny, metallic-blue body with wavy black stripes and is a popular species in commercial and recreational fishing.
This fish is prized for its nutritional value, rich flavor, and economic importance.
Physical Description
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Body shape: Slim, spindle-shaped (torpedo-like) and streamlined for fast swimming.
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Color:
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Upper body – bright metallic blue-green with irregular black stripes.
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Belly – silvery white.
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Size: Usually 30–50 cm long; can reach up to 60 cm.
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Weight: Averages 0.5–1 kg, but some grow larger.
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Fins: Two dorsal fins, small pectoral fins, and several finlets near the tail.
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Tail: Deeply forked, adapted for high-speed swimming.
Habitat and Distribution
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Found throughout the North Atlantic Ocean, from North America (Newfoundland to North Carolina) to Europe (Norway to the Mediterranean Sea).
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Prefers temperate coastal waters between 8°C and 14°C.
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Lives in schools near the surface or mid-water zone.
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Migrates seasonally:
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Spring/Summer: Moves to shallow coastal waters for feeding and breeding.
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Autumn/Winter: Moves offshore to deeper waters.
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Feeding Habits
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Diet: Small fish, crustaceans, and plankton (especially copepods and krill).
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They are filter feeders, swimming with their mouths open to trap plankton.
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Known for school feeding behavior, where thousands feed together in synchronized motion.
Reproduction
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Spawning season: Late spring to early summer.
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Spawning areas: Coastal waters and continental shelf regions.
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Reproduction type: External fertilization – eggs and sperm are released into the open sea.
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Eggs: Float near the surface; hatch in 4–6 days.
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Lifespan: Around 15–20 years in the wild.
Economic Importance
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A major commercial fish species in Europe, North America, and Japan.
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Used for fresh, frozen, smoked, canned, or salted fish products.
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Important in bait fisheries (especially for tuna).
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Known for high omega-3 fatty acid content, beneficial for heart health.
Nutritional Value (per 100 g of cooked fish)
| Nutrient | Amount |
|---|---|
| Calories | 205 kcal |
| Protein | 19 g |
| Fat | 13.9 g |
| Omega-3 fatty acids | 2.5 g |
| Vitamin B12 | 16 µg (over 600% daily value) |
| Vitamin D | 360 IU |
| Minerals | Selenium, iodine, magnesium |
🩸 Health Benefits:
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Improves heart health
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Supports brain and nerve function
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Reduces inflammation
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Strengthens bones and immunity
Predators and Threats
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Predators: Larger fish (tuna, cod, sharks), marine mammals, and seabirds.
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Threats: Overfishing, pollution, and changing ocean temperatures affecting migration and breeding patterns.
Interesting Facts
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Atlantic mackerel can swim up to 8 km per hour.
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They form tight schools that can include hundreds of thousands of fish.
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They never stop swimming, which helps oxygen flow through their gills.
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Considered a sustainable seafood option when caught with eco-friendly methods.
Conclusion
The Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus) is an important marine species known for its speed, schooling behavior, and nutritional richness. Beyond its ecological role, it serves as a vital source of healthy seafood worldwide. Sustainable fishing practices are essential to preserve its population for future generations.
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